Wednesday, 22 July 2026

Elaeidobius Kamerunicus

,If you think you're too small to change the world, think again. Think of the oil palm pollinating weevil, Elaeidobius kamerunicus.

Barely 2 millimetres long, this tiny beetle was introduced from West Africa to Malaysia in the early 1980s to solve one of the oil palm industry's greatest challenges—pollination.

Before its arrival, pollination was carried out manually by thousands of workers, making the process labour-intensive, costly, and inefficient. The introduction of this tiny insect transformed the industry almost overnight. Natural pollination became highly effective, fruit set improved dramatically, bunches became heavier, and oil yields increased significantly.

Its impact reached far beyond the plantation. As fresh fruit bunches grew larger and heavier, palm oil mills had to evolve. Sterilisers were redesigned with larger capacities, and modern three-peak steam sterilisation systems were adopted to process the increased crop efficiently.

This remarkable partnership between nature and science helped propel Malaysia into the golden age of the palm oil industry. By 2003, Malaysia had become the world's largest producer of palm oil, a position built not only on engineering and human effort but also on the extraordinary work of a tiny beetle that most people never notice.

Never underestimate the power of small things. Sometimes, the smallest creatures create the biggest revolutions.

Tuesday, 21 July 2026

Professional Competency Examination (PCE)

How to get PEPC?

Selepas selesai Professional Assessment Examination (PAE) dan menjadi Professional Engineer (Without Practicing Certificate - PEPC), anda perlu menduduki Professional Competency Examination (PCE) dari BEM.

Berikut link panduan PCE dari BEM https://engineer.org.my/public/knowledgebases/FolderIndex?folderid=12

Syllabus of PEPC

PCE will test you on design, acts, bylaws and
everyday experience in performing the job.

Anda perlu menduduki peperiksaan berikut

Part A (Common Paper) and B (Technical Paper)

Key Knowledge Areas

A. BEM Publication & Regulations

  1. Understanding the Regilations of Engineer Act and Regulations
  2. Reviewing all BEM circulars and publications (including BEM HQ)
  3. Familiarity with different types of Engineering Consultancy Practices (ESPs), including formation, composition and requirements
  4. Importance of the Letter of Release (why & when it is required, and when it it not)
  5. Understanding the BEM Form of Contract & Scale of Fees (SOF)
  6. Code of Ethics for registered person
B. Contract Law and Legal Principles
  1. Difference between Reasonable Skill & Care vs. Fit for Purpose
  2. Basics of contract formation (Offer, Acceptance, Consideration, Intention to Create Legal relations, Frustration, Void/Voidable Contracts, etc)
  3. Understanding that contracts can be formed in writing, verbally, or through conduct
  4. Consequences of breach of contract and legal remedies
  5. CIPAA, Arbitration and Legal Proceedings (especially in retrieving outstanding fees or contruction claims)


C. Forms of Contracts (PAM, IEM, JKR, D&B, FIDIC)
  1. Roles and Power of the Contract Administrator/Superintending Officer
  2. Response timeframes for key contract clauses
  3. Termination clauses and associated procedures
  4. Extension of Time (EOT), Liquidated Ascertained Damages (LAD) and project timelines
  5. Dispute resolution machanisms

D. UBBL and Street, Drainage & Building Act (SDA)
  1. Borang G and Borang F  their importance and submission process
  2. Section 70 of SDA - a crucial regulatory requirement
  3. Roles and responsibilities of the Submitting Person and Principal Submitting Person under UBBL
  4. Qualification criteria for Submitting Persons (e.g., beyond Professional Engineers with Practicing Certificates (PEPC), certain Registered Wireman and other qualified personnel may also be eligible to sign G-Forms
Aftertought
  1. While every element in the PCE syllabus is essential, i personnaly believe that focusing on these key areas (BEM publications and regulations, contract law, forms of contracts, and UBBL/SDA) will greatly help candidates in answering the common subjectives questions.
  2. The PCE is undoubtedly tough and tricky, but the preparation process itself is invaluable. In mastering these topics, you are preparing for an exam - you are preparing to become a business owner in an Engineering Consultancy Practise (ESP) and a qualified person to endorse engineering drawings and documents.

Monday, 20 July 2026

Guru Kehidupan


Ada orang datang dalam hidup kita hanya seketika, tetapi meninggalkan kesan yang kekal seumur hidup.

Begitulah kisah Ir. Ong See Boon dalam perjalanan kerjaya saya.

Saya mengenali beliau ketika memasuki tahun ketiga bertugas di Morisem Palm Oil Mill B. Pada waktu itu, beliau baru dilantik sebagai General Manager, Engineering Group Department di peringkat syarikat. Sebelum menyertai syarikat kami, beliau telah berkhidmat di sebuah GLC terkemuka negara dan membawa bersama pengalaman berpuluh-puluh tahun dalam dunia kejuruteraan.

Sejak hari pertama bertemu, saya sudah tertarik dengan peribadi beliau.

Bukan kerana gelaran "Ir." di hadapan namanya, tetapi kerana kerendahan hati yang dimilikinya.

Ketika itu, saya masih seorang jurutera muda yang menyimpan impian besar. Salah satu cita-cita saya ialah menjadi Jurutera Profesional. Apabila mempunyai seorang ketua yang telah mencapai impian itu, saya merasakan seolah-olah saya sudah menemui orang yang tepat untuk dijadikan mentor.

Beliau tidak pernah bercakap dengan nada seorang bos.

Sebaliknya, beliau berbicara seperti seorang ayah yang sedang membimbing anaknya.

Setiap patah perkataan disampaikan dengan tenang. Tiada suara yang tinggi. Tiada ego. Tetapi setiap nasihatnya begitu dalam maknanya. Bagaikan hujan yang turun ke tanah yang telah lama kering, segala pesanan beliau terus meresap ke dalam fikiran saya dan menjadi bekalan sepanjang perjalanan kerjaya.

Namun, pertemuan itu tidak lama.

Tidak lama kemudian, beliau berpindah ke syarikat lain. Walaupun begitu, hubungan kami masih diteruskan. Setiap kali saya berdepan dengan cabaran dalam kerjaya, saya akan menghubungi beliau untuk mendapatkan pandangan.

Satu nasihat beliau yang tidak pernah saya lupakan sehingga hari ini ialah:

"Jangan hanya menjadi jurutera yang memahami mesin. Belajarlah juga mengurus manusia. Jika kejuruteraan ialah sains, pengurusan juga ialah satu sains—sains mengurus manusia."

Pada ketika itu, saya hanya mengangguk.

Tetapi belasan tahun kemudian, apabila saya memegang pelbagai jawatan kepimpinan, mengurus pasukan, menyelesaikan konflik dan membangunkan organisasi, barulah saya benar-benar memahami maksud kata-kata beliau.

Rupa-rupanya, seorang jurutera yang hebat bukan hanya mahir menyelesaikan masalah teknikal.

Dia juga perlu mahir memahami manusia.

Masa terus berlalu.

Kesibukan hidup menyebabkan kami akhirnya terputus hubungan selama bertahun-tahun.

Sehinggalah hujung minggu yang lalu.

Selepas satu "misi jejak kasih", akhirnya saya berjaya mendapatkan nombor telefon beliau. Kami mengatur pertemuan di Shah Alam.

Saat melihat beliau melangkah masuk, saya seolah-olah kembali menjadi jurutera muda yang dahulunya begitu banyak belajar daripada beliau.

Kini beliau berusia 75 tahun.

Masih memandu sendiri.

Masih aktif menjadi perunding (consultant).

Masih petah berbicara.

Masih tajam pemikirannya.

Walaupun hampir setahun lalu beliau menjalani pembedahan jantung, semangat hidupnya masih luar biasa.

Kami berbual selama beberapa jam.

Tentang kisah lama.

Tentang dunia kejuruteraan yang semakin berubah.

Tentang cabaran generasi muda.

Tentang kehidupan.

Dan sebelum kami berpisah, beliau meninggalkan satu lagi nasihat yang mungkin lebih berharga daripada semua ilmu kejuruteraan yang pernah beliau ajarkan.

Beliau berkata,

"Walau setinggi mana kerjaya kita, walau sebanyak mana harta yang kita kumpulkan, apabila usia semakin lanjut, pastikan keluarga sentiasa berada di sisi. Jangan biarkan sisa umur dihabiskan sendirian tanpa keluarga."

Kata-kata itu sangat sederhana.

Tetapi semakin saya memikirkannya, semakin saya sedar betapa dalam maknanya.

Pada malam itu juga, beliau memberitahu bahawa beliau ingin membawa isterinya keluar makan malam sempena ulang tahun kelahiran isterinya.

Mendengar cerita itu, saya tersenyum.

Barangkali, di situlah sebenarnya definisi sebuah kehidupan yang berjaya.

Bukan sekadar jawatan.

Bukan sekadar gelaran "Ir.".

Bukan sekadar pengalaman puluhan tahun.

Tetapi apabila di penghujung usia nanti, masih ada tangan yang menggenggam tangan kita.

Masih ada pasangan yang menunggu kita pulang.

Masih ada anak-anak dan keluarga yang menjadi sebab untuk terus tersenyum.

Saya datang menemui seorang mentor untuk mengenang masa lalu.

Tetapi saya pulang membawa satu pelajaran baharu tentang masa depan.

Terima kasih, Ir. Ong See Boon.

Sesetengah guru mengajar kita cara membina sebuah kilang.

Tetapi guru yang hebat mengajar kita cara membina sebuah kehidupan.

Doakan Ir. Ong See Boon dan isteri dikurniakan kesihatan berpanjangan.


 

Wednesday, 15 July 2026

Energy definition

"energy is the ability to do work" is the standard definition used in many physics and engineering textbooks.

A more precise statement is:

Energy is the ability (or capacity) to do work.

The reason I said "capacity to do work or cause change" is that many modern physics texts broaden the definition because energy also drives processes that don't neatly fit the classical definition of mechanical work (e.g., heating, radiation, chemical reactions, phase changes). However, for engineering and introductory physics, the classical definition is preferred.

For example:

  • Physics/Engineering definition:
    Energy is the ability (capacity) to do work.

  • Work definition:
    Work is done when a force causes an object to move through a distance in the direction of the force.

  • SI unit:
    Both energy and work are measured in joules (J).


Tuesday, 14 July 2026

Borewell water projek 55m kedalaman

Dalam satu project borewell water sedalam 55m, antara tanda digunakan untuk memeriksa lokasi mempunyai air atau tidak adalah dengan kehadiran batu - pasir halus seperti di bawah.








List of Act for Energy Manager Course

The 5-Day Energy Manager Training Course conducted by IEM Training Academy Sdn Bhd (formerly IEM Training Centre Sdn Bhd) is designed to prepare participants for registration as a Registered Energy Manager (REM) with the Energy Commission (Suruhanjaya Tenaga). The legal content has evolved from the earlier REEM/EMEER 2008 framework to the current EECA 2024 framework. (IEM TRAINING ACADEMY SDN BHD)

Below are the major Malaysian Acts, Regulations, Standards and Guidelines typically covered.

Legislation / StandardPurposeImportance for Energy Manager
Energy Efficiency and Conservation Act 2024 (EECA 2024)Main legislation governing energy efficiencyPrimary Act governing REM duties and designated installations. (Suruhanjaya Tenaga)
Energy Efficiency and Conservation RegulationsRegulations made under EECARegistration of REMs, obligations, reporting and compliance. (Suruhanjaya Tenaga)
Energy Commission Act 2001 (Act 610)Establishes Suruhanjaya TenagaPowers and enforcement of the Energy Commission. (Suruhanjaya Tenaga)
Electricity Supply Act 1990 (Act 447)Regulates electricity supply and installationsElectrical safety, licensing and legal responsibilities. (Suruhanjaya Tenaga)
Electricity Regulations 1994Technical requirements for electrical installationsCompetent persons, maintenance and safe operation. (Suruhanjaya Tenaga)
Efficient Management of Electrical Energy Regulations 2008 (EMEER 2008)Previous energy management regulationHistorical basis of REEM before EECA implementation. (My IEM)

Malaysian Standards covered

  • MS ISO 50001 – Energy Management Systems

  • MS ISO 50002 – Energy Audits

  • MS ISO 50006 – Energy Performance Indicators (EnPI)

  • MS ISO 50015 – Measurement & Verification

  • MS ISO 50003 (Energy management system certification)

  • MS IEC 60364 (Low-voltage electrical installations – selected requirements)

  • Energy-efficient Malaysian Standards for lighting, motors, transformers and HVAC systems. 

Energy Commission Guidelines

The course also introduces several Energy Commission guidance documents, including:

  • Guide on Energy Management System

  • Guide for Energy Audit

  • Guide for Registered Energy Manager (REM)

  • Guide for Designated Installations

  • Energy reporting procedures

  • Measurement & Verification (M&V)

  • Energy Performance Indicators (EnPI)

  • Energy baseline development

  • Monitoring, Targeting and Reporting (M&T). (Suruhanjaya Tenaga)

National Policies and Roadmaps

Participants are normally introduced to:

  • National Energy Policy

  • National Energy Transition Roadmap (NETR)

  • National Energy Efficiency Action Plan (NEEAP)

  • Malaysia Renewable Energy Roadmap (MyRER)

  • National Green Technology Policy

  • National Climate Change Policy. 

Other Acts commonly referenced

Although not the main focus, Energy Managers should understand how these laws interact with energy projects:

  • Occupational Safety and Health Act 1994 (Act 514) (and amendments)

  • Factories and Machinery Act 1967 (Act 139) (where still applicable)

  • Environmental Quality Act 1974 (Act 127)

  • Sustainable Energy Development Authority Act 2011 (Act 726)

  • Renewable Energy Act 2011 (Act 725)

These become important when implementing boiler upgrades, motor replacements, compressed air improvements, solar PV systems, or process modifications.

Technical topics linked to the legislation

According to the IEM course outline, the five-day programme also covers:

  • Duties and responsibilities of a Registered Energy Manager

  • Malaysian energy policies and governance

  • Electrical energy management

  • Mechanical energy management

  • HVAC systems

  • Pumps and fans

  • Compressed air systems

  • Boilers and steam systems

  • Renewable energy

  • Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS)

  • Energy monitoring and data logging

  • Energy audits

  • ISO 50001 implementation

  • Financial evaluation (NPV, IRR, Payback)

  • Management review

  • Online examination and competency assessment. 

Given your experience in palm oil mills, refineries, solvent extraction plants, and boiler systems, the legislation and technical subjects most relevant to your work are:

  1. Energy Efficiency and Conservation Act 2024 (EECA)

  2. Electricity Supply Act 1990

  3. Electricity Regulations 1994

  4. Energy Commission Act 2001

  5. MS ISO 50001 Energy Management System

  6. Boiler and steam system energy efficiency

  7. Motor, pump and fan optimization

  8. Compressed air systems

  9. Process heating and heat recovery

  10. Energy audits and Measurement & Verification (M&V)


Efficient Management of Electrical Energy Regulations 2008 - 21,600 Gigajoules & 8,000 m2 requirements

Under the Efficient Management of Electrical Energy Regulations 2008 (Malaysia), a building or installation may be classified as a designated installation if it meets certain energy consumption thresholds.

The figures you mentioned are:

  • Annual energy consumption: 21,600 GJ (Gigajoules)

  • Gross floor area: 8,000 m²

These are criteria used to determine whether a building must appoint a Registered Electrical Energy Manager (REEM) and comply with energy management requirements.

1. What does 21,600 GJ mean?

21,600 GJ is the total electrical energy consumed in one year.

To better understand this figure:

  • 1 GJ = 277.78 kWh

Therefore,

21,600 GJ × 277.78 = approximately 6,000,000 kWh/year

or

  • 6 GWh/year

  • 6,000 MWh/year

This is equivalent to:

  • 500,000 kWh/month

  • 16,400 kWh/day

  • Average electrical demand ≈ 685 kW continuously throughout the year

Typical facilities consuming around 6 GWh/year

Examples include:

  • Large office complexes

  • Hospitals

  • Universities

  • Shopping malls

  • Large hotels

  • Manufacturing plants

  • Palm oil refineries

  • Solvent extraction plants


2. What does 8,000 m² mean?

This refers to the gross floor area (GFA) of a building.

An 8,000 m² building could typically be:

  • 8-storey office building with 1,000 m² per floor

  • Shopping mall

  • Hospital

  • University faculty building

  • Large hotel

The floor area criterion is mainly intended for commercial buildings where energy use is closely related to building services such as:

  • Air conditioning

  • Lighting

  • Lifts and escalators

  • Chilled water systems

  • Ventilation


3. Why are these thresholds important?

If a building exceeds either threshold (subject to the applicable regulations in force), the owner is generally required to:

  • Appoint a Registered Electrical Energy Manager (REEM).

  • Monitor and analyse electricity consumption.

  • Implement energy-saving measures.

  • Maintain energy records.

  • Submit reports to the relevant authority when required.

  • Conduct periodic energy assessments or audits as prescribed.

The objective is to reduce:

  • Electricity wastage

  • Operating costs

  • Carbon emissions

  • Peak electricity demand


4. Example Calculation

Suppose an office building has:

  • Gross Floor Area = 10,000 m²

  • Annual electricity consumption = 4,800,000 kWh

Convert to GJ:

4,800,000 × 0.0036 = 17,280 GJ

Result:

  • Floor area exceeds 8,000 m²

  • Energy consumption is below 21,600 GJ

Depending on the specific regulatory requirements applicable, the building may still fall within the scope because of its floor area.


5. Industrial Example

A palm oil refinery operates:

  • Average demand = 1 MW

  • Operating hours = 24 hours/day

  • Annual energy:

1 MW × 8,760 hours = 8,760 MWh/year

= 8,760,000 kWh/year

= 31,536 GJ/year

This exceeds 21,600 GJ/year, meaning the facility would generally fall within the designated threshold based on energy consumption.


Summary

CriterionThresholdEquivalent
Annual energy consumption21,600 GJ/year6,000,000 kWh/year (6 GWh/year)
Gross floor area8,000 m²Large commercial/institutional building
Average electrical demand equivalent≈685 kWContinuous average over one year

Mudiak Batang hari

 "Mudiak Batang Hari" adalah lagu tradisional Minangkabau yang bergenre Pop Tradisional Minang (atau klasik). Lagu ini dicirikan oleh vokal mendayu-dayu yang kaya dengan cengkok khas, serta diiringi oleh melodi alat musik tiup saluang atau akordeon yang dikemas dalam aransemen modern bernuansa orkestra melayu.


Lirik adaptasi kepada Bahasa Melayu

ANAK ORANG TELUK KUANTAN


Anak dara dari Teluk Kuantan,

Berhasrat menuju ke Pasar Benai.

Kasih yang dulu menjadi harapan,

Kini terbentang, namun tak tergapai.


Selesai sudah dari Pasar Benai,

Langkah diteruskan menuju Pangian.

Kasih yang dirindu tak juga sampai,

Lelah menanggung seluruh kerinduan.


Naiklah kereta kuda perlahan-lahan,

Pelita dipasang menyinari jalan.

Niat di hati belum kesampaian,

Yang tinggal kini hanya kepedihan.


Andai takdir belum menyatukan,

Redalah hati menerima suratan.

Walau cinta terus diperjuangkan,

Namun tak semua berakhir impian.


Biarlah waktu menjadi penawar,

Mengubat luka yang lama bersarang.

Walau hati masih berdebar,

Kasih yang hilang tetap dikenang.

Monday, 13 July 2026

Energy Manager ; what you will learn?

Dalam Energy Manager Training Course (EMTC) anjuran IEM, peserta akan mempelajari gabungan teori, pengiraan dan kajian kes sebenar supaya mampu mengurus penggunaan tenaga secara sistematik.

Antara topik utama ialah:

1. Asas Pengurusan Tenaga

Konsep kecekapan tenaga.

Dasar dan sistem pengurusan tenaga.

Standard ISO 50001.



2. Perundangan dan Peraturan

Akta dan Peraturan Kecekapan dan Penjimatan Tenaga Malaysia.

Tanggungjawab Registered Electrical Energy Manager (REEM).



3. Audit Tenaga

Kaedah menjalankan audit tenaga.

Pengumpulan dan analisis data.

Mengenal pasti peluang penjimatan tenaga.



4. Sistem Elektrik

Transformer.

Motor elektrik.

Variable Speed Drive (VSD).

Faktor kuasa (Power Factor).

Sistem pencahayaan.



5. Sistem Mekanikal

Boiler dan sistem stim.

Steam trap.

Pam.

Kipas.

Pemampat udara (air compressor).

Chiller dan HVAC.



6. Pengukuran dan Pengesahan (Measurement & Verification)

Cara mengukur penjimatan tenaga.

Penggunaan meter tenaga dan data logger.

Analisis bil elektrik.



7. Analisis Ekonomi

Kos projek.

Payback period.

Return on Investment (ROI).

Life Cycle Cost Analysis (LCCA).



8. Projek Penjimatan Tenaga

Mengenal pasti projek.

Penyediaan laporan.

Pembentangan cadangan kepada pihak pengurusan.




Sangat relevan untuk industri sawit

Bagi kilang sawit, peserta akan dapat mengenal pasti peluang penjimatan seperti:

Mengoptimumkan kecekapan boiler.

Mengurangkan penggunaan elektrik motor dan pam.

Mengoptimumkan operasi turbin stim.

Mengurangkan kehilangan stim (steam losses).

Mengawal penggunaan elektrik semasa waktu puncak (maximum demand).

Memantau Specific Energy Consumption (SEC) bagi setiap tan TBS diproses.

Kepentingan EMTC Energy Manager

Kursus Energy Manager Training Course (EMTC) anjuran sangat penting, terutamanya bagi jurutera, pengurus kilang, pengurus fasiliti dan industri yang menggunakan tenaga elektrik dalam jumlah yang besar.

Kepentingannya ialah:

  1. Mematuhi keperluan undang-undang – Kursus ini menyediakan peserta untuk menjadi Registered Electrical Energy Manager (REEM) yang diiktiraf oleh Suruhanjaya Tenaga bagi membantu organisasi memenuhi keperluan peraturan pengurusan tenaga.

  2. Mengurangkan kos operasi – Peserta belajar mengenal pasti pembaziran tenaga, menganalisis penggunaan elektrik, dan melaksanakan projek penjimatan tenaga yang boleh menjimatkan ribuan hingga jutaan ringgit setahun.

  3. Meningkatkan kecekapan loji – Meliputi sistem elektrik, motor, pam, pemampat udara, boiler, sistem penyejukan, HVAC dan pemantauan tenaga supaya operasi lebih cekap.

  4. Menyokong kelestarian (ESG) – Penggunaan tenaga yang lebih cekap mengurangkan pelepasan karbon dan membantu syarikat mencapai sasaran kelestarian.

  5. Meningkatkan kerjaya – Pensijilan EMTC memberi nilai tambah kepada jurutera dan pengurus kerana kemahiran pengurusan tenaga kini semakin diperlukan dalam sektor pembuatan, minyak sawit, makanan, kimia dan bangunan komersial.

Bagi industri sawit, kursus ini amat bermanfaat kerana membantu mengoptimumkan penggunaan elektrik di stesen proses, boiler, turbin, motor, pam dan sistem utiliti. Penjimatan tenaga 5–15% di sebuah kilang sawit boleh memberi impak kewangan yang besar jika diurus secara sistematik.