combustion chamber
bab 2
bab 3
Perbezaan 4 stroke dan 2 stroke
1. Power ; 2 pusingan (720 deg) vs 1 pusingan (360 deg)
2. Kuasa utk isipadu selinder yang sama ; Kecil vs besar
3. Valve ; ada vs tiada
4. Pembinaan ; Mahal vs murah
5. Kekotoran spark plug ; sikit vs banyak
6. Penggunaan bahan api; sedikit vs banyak
7. Penggunaan minyak ; sedikit vs banyak
8. Keburukan ; sedikit vs banyak
9. Kestabilan kendalian; tinggi vs rendah
10. Keteguhan; Baik vs baik
4 stroke Diesel Engine
Dalam diesel engine, udara dan bahan bakar dimampatkan hingga 20 kali volume asal selinder.
Dalam gasoline engine, udara hanya dimampatkan hingga 8 kali volume asal selinder
Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
A diesel engine (also known as a compression-ignition engine) is an internal combustion engine that uses the heat of compression to initiate ignition to burn the fuel, which is injected into the combustion chamber. This is in contrast to spark-ignition engines such as a petrol engine (gasoline engine) or gas engine (using a gaseous fuel as opposed to gasoline), which uses a spark plug to ignite an air-fuel mixture. The engine was developed by Rudolf Diesel in 1893.
The diesel engine has the highest thermal efficiency of any regular internal or external combustion engine due to its very high compression ratio. Low-speed Diesel engines (as used in ships and other applications where overall engine weight is relatively unimportant) often have a thermal efficiency which exceeds 50 percent.
Diesel engines are manufactured in two stroke and four stroke versions. They were originally used as a more efficient replacement for stationary steam engines. Since the 1910s they have been used in submarines and ships. Use in locomotives, large trucks and electric generating plants followed later. In the 1930s, they slowly began to be used in a few automobiles. Since the 1970s, the use of diesel engines in larger on-road and off-road vehicles in the USA increased. As of 2007, about 50 percent of all new car sales in Europe are diesel.
The world's largest diesel engine is currently a Wärtsilä Sulzer RT96-C Common Rail marine diesel of about 108,920 hp (81,220 kW) @ 102 rpm output.
Dalam gasoline engine, apabila pedal minyak ditekan, ia akan menambahkan jumlah udara memasuki selinder.
Dalam diesel engine, apabila pedal minyak ditekan, ia akan menambahkan jumlah fuel dari fuel injektor.
pergerakan antara 2 stroke engine dan 2 stroke engine gasoline engine adalah sama.
ekzos valve beradda di bhg atas sama seperti 4 stroke diesel engine.
manakala intake port ditebuk di dinding selinder sama seperti 2 stroke engine
ia mesti mempunyai supercharger untuk memaksa udara memasuki selinder
Scavenging
1. Bermula dengan piston berada di BDC
2. Inlet port ditutup dengan ekzos valve terbuka
3. Udara dipaksa masuk ke bhg atas selinder oleh supercharger
4. Bila udara masuk, ga terbakar dari cycle lepas akan dipaksa keluar.
Compression
1. Piston bergerak ke atas ke arah TDC, ia telah menutup inlet port
2. Ekzos valve tertutup dan bhg atas selinder kini dalam keadaan tertutup
3. Piston masih bergerak ke atas hingga udara dimampatkan sepenuhnya
Power stroke
1. Piston sampai ke TDC, iaitu berakhirlah compression stroke
2. Fuel akan disuntik pada masa ini
3. Haba yang terhasil dari compression akan menyebabkan fuel tercucuh
4. Fuel yang terbakar akan menolak piston ke bawah dan memberikan kuasa kpd crakshaft
5. Power stroke akan berakhir bila piston turun ke bawah dan intake port terbuka
6. pada masa ini, ekzos valve akan terbuka dan bermulalah semula scavenging cycle
Combustion chamber
adalah tempat percampuran udara di dalam selinder
terdapat 4 jenis
1. Open combustion chamber
2. Precombustion chamber
3. Turbulance chamber
4. Spherical chamber
Perbezaan diesel dan petrol engine
1. Minyak
2. cycle (Diesel/Otto)
3. Constant pressure cycle engine/Constant volume cycle engine
4. Compression ignition/Spark ignition
5. Menggunakan injector dan fuel injection pump/Carburetor bekalkan campuran udara dan fuel
6. Hanya udara masuk semasa suction stroke/Campuran udara dan fuel masuk semasa suction stroke
7. Fuel dicucuk dalam combustion chamber bila piston sampai ke TDC/Electric spark dikenakan bila piston sampai ke TDC
8. Tekanan purata 500 psi/Tekanan purata 100 psi
9. Compression ratio tinggi 1:10-1:20 / rendah 1:5-1:10
10. Pedal minyak ditekan, minyak akan bertambah masuk ke selinder / udara akan bertambah masuk ke selinder
11. Suhu mampatan mencecah 500 deg / Suhu mampatan 60-80 deg
The diesel engine has the highest thermal efficiency of any regular internal or external combustion engine due to its very high compression ratio. Low-speed Diesel engines (as used in ships and other applications where overall engine weight is relatively unimportant) often have a thermal efficiency which exceeds 50 percent.
Diesel engines are manufactured in two stroke and four stroke versions. They were originally used as a more efficient replacement for stationary steam engines. Since the 1910s they have been used in submarines and ships. Use in locomotives, large trucks and electric generating plants followed later. In the 1930s, they slowly began to be used in a few automobiles. Since the 1970s, the use of diesel engines in larger on-road and off-road vehicles in the USA increased. As of 2007, about 50 percent of all new car sales in Europe are diesel.
The world's largest diesel engine is currently a Wärtsilä Sulzer RT96-C Common Rail marine diesel of about 108,920 hp (81,220 kW) @ 102 rpm output.
Dalam gasoline engine, apabila pedal minyak ditekan, ia akan menambahkan jumlah udara memasuki selinder.
Dalam diesel engine, apabila pedal minyak ditekan, ia akan menambahkan jumlah fuel dari fuel injektor.
pergerakan antara 2 stroke engine dan 2 stroke engine gasoline engine adalah sama.
ekzos valve beradda di bhg atas sama seperti 4 stroke diesel engine.
manakala intake port ditebuk di dinding selinder sama seperti 2 stroke engine
ia mesti mempunyai supercharger untuk memaksa udara memasuki selinder
Scavenging
1. Bermula dengan piston berada di BDC
2. Inlet port ditutup dengan ekzos valve terbuka
3. Udara dipaksa masuk ke bhg atas selinder oleh supercharger
4. Bila udara masuk, ga terbakar dari cycle lepas akan dipaksa keluar.
Compression
1. Piston bergerak ke atas ke arah TDC, ia telah menutup inlet port
2. Ekzos valve tertutup dan bhg atas selinder kini dalam keadaan tertutup
3. Piston masih bergerak ke atas hingga udara dimampatkan sepenuhnya
Power stroke
1. Piston sampai ke TDC, iaitu berakhirlah compression stroke
2. Fuel akan disuntik pada masa ini
3. Haba yang terhasil dari compression akan menyebabkan fuel tercucuh
4. Fuel yang terbakar akan menolak piston ke bawah dan memberikan kuasa kpd crakshaft
5. Power stroke akan berakhir bila piston turun ke bawah dan intake port terbuka
6. pada masa ini, ekzos valve akan terbuka dan bermulalah semula scavenging cycle
Combustion chamber
adalah tempat percampuran udara di dalam selinder
terdapat 4 jenis
1. Open combustion chamber
2. Precombustion chamber
3. Turbulance chamber
4. Spherical chamber
Perbezaan diesel dan petrol engine
1. Minyak
2. cycle (Diesel/Otto)
3. Constant pressure cycle engine/Constant volume cycle engine
4. Compression ignition/Spark ignition
5. Menggunakan injector dan fuel injection pump/Carburetor bekalkan campuran udara dan fuel
6. Hanya udara masuk semasa suction stroke/Campuran udara dan fuel masuk semasa suction stroke
7. Fuel dicucuk dalam combustion chamber bila piston sampai ke TDC/Electric spark dikenakan bila piston sampai ke TDC
8. Tekanan purata 500 psi/Tekanan purata 100 psi
9. Compression ratio tinggi 1:10-1:20 / rendah 1:5-1:10
10. Pedal minyak ditekan, minyak akan bertambah masuk ke selinder / udara akan bertambah masuk ke selinder
11. Suhu mampatan mencecah 500 deg / Suhu mampatan 60-80 deg
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